For Andew Martinko, curiosity piqued when he saw holidayers on the beach soaking in the sun after applying dollops of sunscreen to protect themselves from the heat. Does sunscreen work against the ultraviolet rays? That question took Martinko, a student of nanotechnology at Waterloo University, and his friends, Chad Sweeting and Derek Jouppi, on a research drive. The trio had seen families and close friends impacted by the pains of skin cancer.